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Byrne, R. M. J. (2007). The rational imagination: How people create alternatives to reality. Cambridge: The MIT Press. (Original work published 2005).   
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 27/08/2011, 04:49
"to think counterfactually is to think causally" (p.6). Byrne traces such thinking to Hume and Mill but counterfactual and causal thoughts are sometimes divergent. e.g. Taxi driver refuses ride to couple who then take their own car. Taxi driver drives safely over bridge; shortly after, as the couple drive over it, the bridge collapses and kills them. The cause of the bridge collapsing was not the taxi driver's refusal yet people still blame the driver for the deaths. "If only he had given the couple a ride!"
Discussing the number of possibilities people imagine/infer when given a proposition.

1. Conjunction -- A went to stables and rode S. (1 possibility.)
2. Bicondition -- If, and only if, A went to stables, she rode S. (2 possibilities.)
3. Conditional -- If A went to stables, she rode S. (3 possibilities.)
WIKINDX 6.9.0 | Total resources: 1303 | Username: -- | Bibliography: WIKINDX Master Bibliography | Style: American Psychological Association (APA)