| Douglas, Y., & Hargadon, A. 2000, May 30–June 3, The pleasure principle: Immersion, engagement, flow. Paper presented at Proceedings of the eleventh ACM on Hypertext and hypermedia, San Antonio, Texas. |
 
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| Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 22/12/2021, 10:24 |
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| "Reading Jane Eyre is immersive [because it conforms to the well-known schema of the romance novel]. Reading Ulysses is engaging [because it cannot easily be accommodated to such an accessible schema]." |
| "a state in which readers [of a hypertext or interactive narrative such as many forms of computer game] are both immersed and engaged" |
| The authors make the distinction that immersion is pleasurable whereas engagement is stimulating to the intellect. What is confusing is their later statement that immersion and engagement are not in fact two separate states that can co-exist as flow but are polar opposites on a continuum. |
| Fontaine, G. (1992). The experience of a sense of presence in intercultural and international encounters. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 1(4), 482–490. |
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| Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 11/09/2018, 17:21 |
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| Two major differences between flow and presence: "(1) flow involves a narrow focus on a limited range of task characteristics, whereas presence involves a broader awareness of the task ecology; and (2) flow is associated with feelings of control whereas presence has been associated with novel ecologies involving a lack of predictability that makes feelings of control difficult." |
