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Schloerb, D. W. (1995). A quantitative measure of telepresence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 4(1), 64–80. Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (28/02/2018, 09:34) Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (11/09/2018, 17:18) |
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| Resource type: Journal Article Peer reviewed DOI: 10.1162/pres.1995.4.1.64 ID no. (ISBN etc.): 1054-7460 BibTeX citation key: Schloerb1995 Email resource to friend View all bibliographic details  |
Categories: General Keywords: Immersion, Presence, Presence (definition), Telepresence Creators: Schloerb Publisher: MIT Press (Cambridge, Massachusetts) Collection: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments Resources citing this (Bibliography: WIKINDX Master Bibliography) |
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| Abstract |
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"This paper presents the foundation for a theory of presence that seeks to answer important questions about telepresence and virtual presence. The theory, which develops the definition of telepresence to include virtual presence as a special case, permits the precise definition of various types and degrees of telepresence. General categories of telepresence are defined, using different types of presence that are proposed in the paper. Three types of specifications are used to make the definitions more precise: (1) a set of tasks, (2) a transformation imposed on the human operator's control output and sensory input, and (3) a transformation of the region of presence. The proposed quantitative measure of telepresence involves both objective and subjective measures. The degree of (objective) telepresence is equal to the probability of successfully completing a specified task. The degree of subjective telepresence is equal to the probability that a human operator perceives that he or she is physically present in a given remote environment. The measure of subjective telepresence involves a psychophysical test and is analyzed using signal detection theory. Real-world complications are addressed and a practical example of a subjective telepresence test is described."
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| Notes |
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A framework in which presence can be quantified. Provides a number of definitions of a variety of forms of presence.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard |
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p.65
Presence requires objective interaction and not necessarily the difficult to measure vague feeling: "A person is objectively present in a remote environment where the person is not physically present, if there is some type of causal interaction between the person and the environment [...] The degree of objective presence may be defined based on the probability that a given task is completed successfully [...] Different types of objective presence may be defined based on what task is specified"
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Immersion Presence Telepresence |
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p.65
"An important category of objective presence is the case where the specified task is for a person to perceive that he or she is physically present in a given environment [...] This is subjective presence [...] The degree of subjective presence is defined to be the probability that a person perceives that he or she is physically present in the given environment."
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Immersion Presence Telepresence |
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p.66
Telepresence is defined as "a person is objectively present in a real environment that is physically separate from the person in space."
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Immersion Presence Telepresence |
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p.67
"Virtual presence corresponds to telepresence where the teleoperator and the remote environment are simulated inside a computer."
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Immersion Presence Telepresence |
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p.68
"Physical presence is defined here as the existence of an object in some particular region of space and time [...] Physical telepresence is impossible by definition: a person cannot be physically present in an environment that is physically separate from the person in space."
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Immersion Presence Telepresence |