Sound Research WIKINDX
Sound Research WIKINDX |
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Displaying 1 - 2 of 2 Parameters |
| Singer, M. J., & Witmer, B. G. (1999). On selecting the right yardstick. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 8(5), 566–573. |
 
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| Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 06/08/2018, 10:24 | |
| Witmer, B. G., & Singer, M. J. (1998). Measuring presence in virtual environments: A presence questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 7(3), 225–240. |
 
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| Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 11/09/2018, 17:16 | |
| "Presence is defined as the subjective experience of being in one place or environment, even when physically situated in another [whereas immersion is] "the perception of being enveloped" | |
| "experiencing presence [...] requires the ability to focus on one meaningfully coherent set of stimuli (in the VE) to the exclusion of unrelated stimuli (in the physical location) [...] Though novel aspects of the VE may attract some attention, presence depends less on their novelty than on how well they are connected within the entire VE stimulus set." | |
| "Involvement is a psychological state experienced as a consequence of focusing one's energy and attention on a coherent set of stimuli or meaningfully related activities and events." | |
| "Immersion is a psychological state characterized by perceiving oneself to be enveloped by, included in, and interacting with an environment that provides a continuous stream of stimuli and experiences." | |
| "Both involvement and immersion are necessary for experiencing presence." | |
| "Because much of our information typically comes through visual channels, visual influence may strongly influence presence. Information presented via other sensory channels also contributes to the experience of presence, but perhaps to a lesser extent than visual information." | |
| Presence in a VE does not require completely shifting attention from the physical environment to the VE and humans can experience varying degrees of presence in different environments. The allocation of attentional resources plays a part in the development of presence but is not the whole story. | |
A number of factors increase presence:
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