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Sound Research WIKINDX

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Blattner, M. M., Sumikawa, D. A., & Greenberg, R. M. (1989). Earcons and icons: Their structure and common design principles. Human-computer Interaction, 4, 11–44.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 18/01/2016, 15:54
Earcons are "nonverbal audio messages used in the user-computer interface to provide information to the user about some computer object, operation, or interaction."
A personal communication from Buxton indicates that in video arcades "scores drop when sound accompanying video games is turned off."
Paraphrasing Kerman: "Even though timbre is difficult to describe and notate precisely, it is one of the most immediate and easily recognizable characteristics of sound."* * Kerman, J. (1980). Listen. New York: Worth.
Three classes of earcons: representational semi-abstract abstract with grey areas inbetween.
Familant, M. E., & Detweiler, M. C. (1993). Iconic reference: Evolving perspectives and an organizing framework. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 39(5), 705–728.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 24/08/2005, 14:22
Some discussion of the use of the term 'icon' in semiotic terms and in general (computer) usage.
Contains a critique of other iconic taxonomies including Gaver and Blattner et al. (Gaver 1986; Blattner, Sumikawa, & Greenberg 1989). The suggestion is that they fail in distinguishing between sign and referent relations. The authors propose a taxonomy including: Direct reference: Signal ----> Sign Referent/Denotative Referent (identical referents). Indirect reference: Signal ---->Sign Referent ----> Denotative Referent. The referent relation (between Sign and Denotative referents) can be: Part-part: S and D share a subset of features. Part-whole: all the features of S are a subset of D. Whole-part: all the features of D are a subset of S. Identical: S and D have the same set features. Disjoint: S and D have no features in common. based on commonalities (or not) between feature sets of S and D. The most common signs are part-part and part-whole.
Röber, N., & Masuch, M. 2004, July 6–9. Interacting with sound: An interaction paradigm for virtual auditory worlds. Paper presented at Tenth Meeting of the International Conference on Auditory Display, Sydney, Australia.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 27/07/2005, 11:47
Three categories of auditory phenomena in auditory worlds: Speech -- (transmission of knowledge) Music -- (suited to affect and emotion) Natural or artifical sounds The last is the largest and may be further broken down to: Main sounds Supporting sounds Ambient sounds or describing sounds -- information about environment artifical sounds -- used for identifaction of objects
All objects in an auditory[-only] world are described as 'interactable' -- all objects must emit sound otherwise they do not exist for the listener. These objects can be grouped as obstacles -- interfere with environment navigation portals -- allow change of position within the environment interactables -- most interactive and its sounds describe the object's potential or possibilities. There is a little discussion of difficulties in choosing sounds appropriate for the interactables (Gaver 1986)
Warren, W. H., & Verbrugge, R. R. (1984). Auditory perception of breaking and bouncing events: A case study in ecological acoustics. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10(5), 704–712.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard 26/04/2013, 09:53
Reviewing previous work in the field: "These results support the general claim that sound in isolation permits accurate identification of classes of sound-producing events when the temporal structure of the sound is specific to the mechanical activity of the source (Gibson, 1966; Schubert, 1974)."* * & Schubert, E.D. (1974) (Gibson 1966). The role of auditory perception in language processing. In D.D. Duane & M.B. Rawson (eds.), Reading, perception, and language (pp.97-130). Baltimore: York Press.
Quoting Schubert: "Schubert (1974) put this succinctly in his source identification principle* for auditory perception: "Identification of sound sources, and the behavior of those sources, is the primary task of the [auditory] system" (p.126)." * (Schubert 1975)