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Anderson, M. L. (2003). Embodied cognition: A field guide. Articificial Intelligence, 149, 91–130.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (1/31/11, 3:25 AM)

Resource type: Journal Article
Peer reviewed
DOI: 10.1016/S0004-3702(03)00054-7
BibTeX citation key: Anderson2003
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Categories: Embodied Cognition
Keywords: Embodied cognition
Creators: Anderson
Collection: Articificial Intelligence

Views: 25/1006

Abstract

"The nature of cognition is being re-considered. Instead of emphasizing formal operations on abstract symbols, the new approach foregrounds the fact that cognition is, rather, a situated activity, and suggests that thinking beings ought therefore be considered first and foremost as acting beings. The essay reviews recent work in Embodied Cognition, provides a concise guide to its principles, attitudes and goals, and identifies the physical grounding project as its central research focus."
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard

Notes

A review of emobodied congition. EC (at least in terms of AI design) is a matter of reaction and interaction as opposed to representation and computation (Good Old Fashioned AI [GOFAI] that is based on cognitivism). Anderson suggests a hybrid model might be more use.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard

Quotes

p.94 "...having disconnected the form of a symbol from its meaning, cognitivism rules out the possibility of context-sensitive processing, and so requires formal rules to govern the transformation from one cognitive state to another." Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Cognition

Paraphrases

p.93   Cognitivism derives from the Cartesian world view (that sensing and acting in the world does not require thinking -- the mind is separate from the body and this is what separates man and animals; man is capable of higher-level reasoning and abstraction).

Cognitivism -- thinking is a manipulation of abstract symbols according to explicit rules. Three elements to cognitivism: representation, formalism and transformation. Representation requires symbols pertaining to "specific features or states of affairs", but it is the form of the symbol (not its meaning) "that is the basis of its rule-based transformation."   Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords:   Cognition Embodied cognition Semiotics

pp.97–98 Anderson critiques the AI framework 'sense-model-plan-act' (SMPA) as being insufficiently dynamic and not taking account of relevance. SMPA depends upon modelling an explicit representation of the world. How can one model for every potential situation and how does one decide which situations are relevant enough to be modelled as representations for future use? Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence Cognition Embodied cognition

pp.115–116   Anderson notes some critiques of embodied cognition including its disregard for representation. He paraphrases David Kirsh's list of situations where representation is required in order to act (including future planning, use of conceptualization and creative activities that are "stimulus free").

Anderson suggests a hybrid model should be sought.   Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keywords:   Embodied cognition