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Samuel, A. L. (1959). Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers. IBM Journal of Research and Development, 3(3), 210–229. 
Added by: alexb44 (21/09/2025, 04:52)   Last edited by: alexb44 (21/09/2025, 04:52)
Resource type: Journal Article
Published
DOI: 10.1147/rd.33.0210
BibTeX citation key: Samuel1959
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Categories: General
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence
Creators: Samuel
Collection: IBM Journal of Research and Development
Views: 8/158
Abstract
Two machine-learning procedures have been investigated in some detail using the game of checkers. Enough work has been done to verify the fact that a computer can be programmed so that it will learn to play a better game of checkers than can be played by the person who wrote the program. Furthermore, it can learn to do this in a remarkably short period of time (8 or 10 hours of machine-playing time) when given only the rules of the game, a sense of direction, and a redundant and incomplete list of parameters which are thought to have something to do with the game, but whose correct signs and relative weights are unknown and unspecified. The principles of machine learning verified by these experiments are, of course, applicable to many other situations.
Added by: alexb44  Last edited by: alexb44
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