Sound Research WIKINDX |
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Galilei, G. (1623). Il saggiatore. Rome: Giacomo Mascardi. Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (24/08/2026, 05:37) Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (24/08/2026, 10:54) |
| Resource type: Book Language: it: italiano Published BibTeX citation key: Galilei1623 Email resource to friend View all bibliographic details |
Categories: Typologies/Taxonomies Keywords: Definition of sound, Philosophy Creators: Galilei Publisher: Giacomo Mascardi (Rome) |
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Early development of the theories of Aristotle's theories on sound hearing from the vague 'movement in air' to early wave theory (Arisotle 350 BCE). A translation by Stillman Drake can be found here. Arisotle. 350 BCE. On the soul.
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"There remains the air itself, an element available for sounds, which come to us indifferently from below, above, and from all sides–for we reside in the air and its movements displace it equally in all directions. The location of the ear is most fittingly accommodated to all positions in space. Sounds are made and hear by us when the air–without any special property of "sonority" or "transonority"–is ruffled by a rapid tremor into very minute waves and moves certain cartilages of a tympanum in our ear. External means capable of thus ruffling the air are very numerous, but for the most part they may be reduced to the trembling of some body which pushes the air and disturbs it. Waves are propagated very rapidly in this way, and high tones are produced by frequent waves and low tones by sparse ones." (p.276).
"To excite in us tastes, odors, and sounds I believe that nothing is required in external bodies except shapes, numbers, and slow or rapid movements. I think that if ears, tongues, and noses were temporarily removed, shapes and numbers and motions would remain, but not odors or tastes or sounds. The latter, I believe, are nothing more than names when separated from living beings [...] many sensations which are supposed to be qualities residing in external objects have no real existence save in us" (p.277). From the 1957 translation: Galilei, Galileo, 1623 [1957], Il Saggiatore (The Assayer), Rome. Translated in Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, Stillman Drake (trans.), New York: Anchor Books, 1957. Italian version (NB text recognition so some misrecognition e.g. 'u' for 'v'): "Mà che ne' corpi esterni per eccitare in noi i sapori, gli odori, e i suoni, si richiegga altro, che grandezze figure, moltitudini, e mouimenti, tardi ò veloci, io non lo credo; e stimo, che tolti via gli orecchi, le lingue, e i nasi, restino bene le figure, i numeri, e i moti, mà non già gli odori, ne i sapori, ne i suoni, li quali fuor dell'animal viuente, non credo, che sieno altro, che nomi [...] E tornando al primo mio proposito in questo luogo, auendo già veduto, come molte affezzioni, che sono riputate qualità risedenti ne' soggetti esterni, non anno veramente altra essistenza che in noi"
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
(24/08/2026, 05:43)
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