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Tinwell, A., Grimshaw, M., & Abdel Nabi, D. (2015). The effect of onset asynchrony in audio-visual speech and the Uncanny Valley in virtual characters. International Journal of Mechanisms and Robotic Systems, 2(2), 97–110. 
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (28/05/2013, 16:12)   Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (11/03/2016, 09:23)
Resource type: Journal Article
Peer reviewed
DOI: 10.1504/IJMRS.2015.068991
BibTeX citation key: Tinwell2015
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Categories: General
Keywords: Asynchronicity, Speech, Uncanny
Creators: Abdel Nabi, Grimshaw, Tinwell
Publisher: Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Collection: International Journal of Mechanisms and Robotic Systems
Views: 16/690
Abstract
"This study investigates if the Uncanny Valley phenomenon is increased for realistic, human-like characters with an asynchrony of lip movement during speech. An experiment was conducted in which 113 participants rated, a human and a realistic, talking-head, human-like, virtual character over a range of onset asynchronies for both perceived familiarity and human-likeness. The results show that virtual characters were regarded as more uncanny (less familiar and human-like) than humans and that increasing levels of asynchrony increased perception of uncanniness. Interestingly, participants were more sensitive to the uncanny in characters when the audio stream preceded the visual stream than with asynchronous footage where the video stream preceded the audio stream. This paper considers possible psychological explanations as to why the magnitude and direction of an asynchrony of speech dictates magnitude of perceived uncanniness and the implications of this in character design."
  
Notes
NB -- fortchoming c.2013
  
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