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Durlach, N., & Slater, M. (2000). Presence in shared virtual environments and virtual togetherness. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 9(2), 214–217. 
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard (26/02/2018, 06:12)   
Resource type: Journal Article
Peer reviewed
DOI: 10.1162/105474600566736
ID no. (ISBN etc.): 1054-7460
BibTeX citation key: Durlach2000
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Categories: General
Keywords: Immersion, Presence, Self-presence
Creators: Durlach, Slater
Publisher: MIT Press (Cambridge, Massachusetts)
Collection: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Views: 9/377
Abstract
"This Forum article discusses the relationships among people, their avatars, and their virtual environment workstations in a shared virtual environment. It introduces the notion of togetherness, the sense of people being together in a shared space, which is the counterpart for shared VEs to the presence of an individual in a VE. The role of tactual communication is emphasized as being fundamental to togetherness."
  
Notes

Emphasizes the role of touch, of haptics, in promoting the sense of togetherness. Despite the abstract, it appears that togetherness is not the shared VE analog to presence in single-user VEs. It's never quite clear what the relationships is between presence and togertheness.

The authors might have looked at Mantovani and Riva (1999) for a view of the cultural construction of presence.



Mantovani, G., & Riva, G. (1999). "Real" presence: How different ontologies generate different criteria for presence, telepresence, and virtual presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 8(5), 540–550.
Added by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard  Last edited by: Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
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